Browsing School of Health Sciences (Health-Sciences) by Type
Now showing items 21-40 of 147
-
Daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected adults in Africa started on combination antiretroviral therapy: an observational analysis of the DART cohort
(Elsevier, 2010-03-29)Background: Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis can reduce mortality from untreated HIV infection in Africa; whether benefits occur alongside combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) is unclear. We estimated the effect of prophylaxis ... -
Decreased serum opsonic activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–infected Ugandan adults
(Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2003)Type-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (CPS) and opsonic activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae were evaluated in serum samples from 36 Ugandan adults with community acquired pneumonia ... -
Delayed care seeking for fatal pnemonia in children aged under five years in Uganda: a case-series study
(World Health Organization, 2008)Objective To review individual case histories of children who had died of pneumonia in rural Uganda and to investigate why these children did not survive. Methods This case-series study was done in the Iganga/Mayuge ... -
Detection of major depression in Ugandan primary health care settings using simple questions from a subjective well-being (SWB) subscale
(Springer Verlag, 2007)Objective To explore whether the 4- item subjective well-being subscale could be used to detect a major depressive illness. Secondly, to describe the prevalence and characteristics of depressed health care attendees at ... -
Detection of viral RNA from paraffin-embedded tissues after prolonged formalin fixation
(Elsevier, 2009)Background: Isolating amplifiable RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues is more difficult than isolating DNA because of RNases, chemical modification of the RNA, and cross-linking of nucleic acids and ... -
Determination of Lamivudine, Zidovudine, and Nevirapine in capillary blood sampled on filter paper by LC
(Oxford University Press, 2009-11)A bioanalytical method for determination of lamivudine (3TC), zidovudine (AZT), and nevirapine (NVP) in 100 μL capillary blood applied onto sampling paper has been developed and validated. The antiretroviral drugs (ARV) ... -
Determination of LDL-cholesterol: direct measurement by homogeneous assay versus Friedewald calculation among Makerere University undergraduate fasting students
(International Formulae Group, 2010)The treatment of patients for coronary heart disease risk requires knowledge of the plasma lipid levels. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels make a strong basis for therapeutic decisions. Although there are ... -
Developing standard methods to monitor adherence to antiretroviral medicines and treatment defaulting in resource-poor settings
(2009)Adherence to antiretrovirals is critical for longterm effective therapy with first-line medicines.This important study describes how groups from the International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs in East Africa developed ... -
The diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis in an HIV-endemic setting and the use of induced sputum
(International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2005)Setting: A hospital in the capital city of Uganda. Objectives: To determine the proportion of positive induced sputum cultures among probable childhood tuberculosis (TB) cases, to describe the laboratory and radiological ... -
Differences in factors associated with initial growth, CD4, and viral load responses to ART in HIV-Infected children in Kampala, Uganda, and the United Kingdom/Ireland
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008-12-01)Background: Few studies have directly compared response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) between children living in wellresourced and resource-limited settings. In resource-limited settings non-HIV contributors could reduce ... -
Digital clubbing in tuberculosis – relationship to HIV infection, extent of disease and hypoalbuminemia
(BioMed Central, 2006-03-10)Background: Digital clubbing is a sign of chest disease known since the time of Hippocrates. Its association with tuberculosis (TB) has not been well studied, particularly in Africa where TB is common. The prevalence of ... -
Domestic violence among women seeking pos-abortion care
(Elsevier, 2001-07)Domestic violence victims are unlikely to make contraception choices [1], may have unplanned unwanted pregnancies [2], and thus resort to abortion [1,2]. Probably, many women with abortion complications are victims. The ... -
Effect of home based water chlorination and safe storage on diarrhea among persons with human immonodeficiency virus in Uganda.
(American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2005)Diarrhea is frequent among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but few interventions are available for people in Africa. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a home-based, safe water intervention ... -
Effect of multiple micronutrient supplementation on survival of HIV-infected children in Uganda: a randomized, controlled trial
(BioMed Central, 2010)Background: Micronutrient deficiencies compromise the survival of HIV-infected children in low-income countries. We assessed the effect of multiple micronutrient supplementation on the mortality of HIV-infected children ... -
The effects of enhanced access to antiretroviral therapy: a qualitative study of community perceptions in Kampala city, Uganda
(Makerere University Medical School, 2008)Introduction: Since 2001, Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has been integrated as part of the Uganda National Program for Comprehensive HIV/AIDS Care and Support. If patients take Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) as prescribed, ... -
The effects of male circumcision on female partner's genital tract symptoms and vaginal infections in a randomized trial in Rakai, Uganda
(Elsevier, 2009)Objective—To assess effects of male circumcision on female genital symptoms, and vaginal infections. Methods—HIV-negative men enrolled in a trial were randomized to immediate or delayed circumcision (control arm). Genital ... -
The effects of male circumcision on female partners’ genital tract symptoms and vaginal infections in a randomized trial in Rakai, Uganda
(Elsevier Commercial Publisher, 2009-01)OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to assess effects of male circumcision on female genital symptoms and vaginal infections. STUDY DESIGN: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative men enrolled in a trial were ... -
Efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-centre analysis
(BioMed Central, 2009-08-23)Background: Artesunate and amodiaquine (AS&AQ) is at present the world's second most widely used artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). It was necessary to evaluate the efficacy of ACT, recently adopted by the World ... -
Elevated natural killer cell activity despite altered functional and phenotypic profile in Ugandans with HIV-1 Clade A or Clade D infection.
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009)Background and Objective: Natural killer (NK) cells most likely contribute toward limiting HIV-1 replication, and investigation into their function throughout the course of infection is therefore important. We here aimed ... -
Eligibility for HIV/AIDS treatment among adults in a medical emergency setting at an urban hospital in Uganda
(Makerere University Medical School, 2007)Background: Despite global effort to scale up access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), many people in need of HIV/AIDS care in Uganda have not been reached. HIV testing and ART are not widely offered as routine medical ...